16 inch/ 41 cm Hayagriva

Hayagriva, meaning "the horse-necked one", is established in Esoteric Buddhism as one of the most frequently depicted wrathful obstacle destroyers, manifesting a fierce appearance through the means of compassion. Although the term first appeared during the epic period in Brahmanism as an epithet of Viṣṇu celebrated as the Promulgator of the Sacred Word, these awe-inspiring and vocal qualities made the figure "exceedingly suitable" for transformation into a Buddhist Vidyārāja (Knowledge King), as all Vidyārājas must bear a fierce character.

Hayagriva's wide acceptance is largely due to his primary role as Avalokiteśvara's krodha-vighnāntaka, which secures his position within the Padmakula (Lotus Family). He is associated with various forms of the great bodhisattva, including Khasarpaṇa, Padmapāṇi, and Amoghapāśa, and is sometimes referred to as "Hayagriva Avalokiteśvara Bodhisattva." Despite his prominence, Hayagriva is merely an adjunct, a subordinate manifestation, or a personification of Avalokiteśvara's dhāraṇi (sacred spells). His hierarchy is strictly defined: even when placed at the center of an altar, the culminating ritual emphasizes Avalokiteśvara, from whom all ultimate siddhis (powers) flow. Additionally, he serves as Tārā's wrathful companion and subordinate, attaining prominence as the primary wrathful representative of the padmakula through his consistent association with Avalokiteśvara's many forms. Hayagriva's powers relate to the characteristics of the horse: the vocal character is stringently preserved as he "yells with dreadful voice, as the horse roaring," which subdues all demons and evils. At the same time, his speed acts as an explicit metaphor for his pervasiveness and great force, akin to the ceaselessly wandering Horse-jewel of a Cakravartin. His fundamental purpose is to "destroy all the obstacles of Mara" and "tie up the Vināyaka's". A sādhanā preserved in Tibet confirms that his four canine tusks symbolize the subjugation of the four demons: illness, obstacles to Dharma, Death, and kleśa. His functions often address mundane obstacles, such as curing snake bites, inducing rain, resolving disputes, and vanquishing armies.

He has a distinctly grotesque face, marked by furrowed brows, a hooked nose, bulging eyes, and a grin that exposes fangs. He is often shown in an active pose, frequently placing his left foot on the blade of an axe or hatchet, and commonly makes the vinayahasta gesture (crossed wrists).